History Nature of the Game - 3180 Words

HISTORY NATURE OF THE GAME Basketball was invented in 1891 by James Naismith; a Canadian teacher. It was ï ¬ rst played with a soccer-style ball and peach baskets as the goals. Basketball is a team sport in which two teams of ï ¬ ve players on the court (usually 2 guards, 2 forwards and 1 centre) each try to score points against one another by forcing a ball through a 10 feet (3m) high hoop. The ball can be advanced on the court by dribbling or passing it between teammates. Disruptive physical contact (fouls) is not permitted and there are restrictions on how the ball can be handled (violations). Basketball Game Rule Basketball Games are a test to players agility and endurance, and require remarkable hand-eye coordination on the†¦show more content†¦When you are looking for that option, take the ball in a firm grip and put your body between you and the defender. Regardless of how good you are at dribbling, the defense will always have a greater chance for a steal if you are dribbling the ball instead of gripping it in both hands. Passing Passing is the number 1 option for moving the ball around the court on offense. Passing is quicker than dribbling and so it is a deadly offensive tool for reaching that open man so they can have the shot. Good passes are the hallmark of good teams because most offensive plays are set up by good passes. Shooting Shooting is probably the most practiced skill for new and experienced players. Yet so many people still practice it wrong. In practice all drills should be done at game speed and done as you would under pressure. Players are usually too lazy to do this and instead of practicing the sweet jump shot that they are constantly doing in the game they lazy-it-down to a hop-shot. Instead of jumping to give power they use their arms for the power and the legs give the rest. Practicing the wrong way to shoot is something that players do all the time yet they do not understand why they miss all their jump shots during the game... Rebounding Rebounding can come in two forms - offensive and defensive. Lots of newer player look at rebounding and immediately think that it is a big mans area. Yet this is not so. Rebounding is more than just being big. It evenShow MoreRelated The Natural Violence of Human Nature as Shown Through the Epic Beowulf868 Words   |  4 PagesThe Natural Violence of Human Nature as Shown Through the Epic Beowulf Violence is the way of the game in the world of Beowulf. It is how things get done. It is what people care about. The songs in the Mead Hall are all sung of the great violent epics that took place in the times long gone. When there is no violence that can be perpetrated, these cultures tell stories of violence, so as to release this need for aggression that is somewhere deep with in them. 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Lafluer Trading Company Free Essays

Lafleur Trading Company Lafleur Trading Company was founded in 1975 and has been supplying fine foods and wines to countries all over the world (Apollo Group, 2009). The founders of Lafleur Trading Company believe their products meet the needs of consumers for their lifestyle, health, and ethics. Company leaders offer only products that have passed Canada’s strictest guidelines for organic products (Apollo Group, 2009). We will write a custom essay sample on Lafluer Trading Company or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Lafleur Trading Company teams members stand by their company ethics, believe in the company mission, and stand by the values on which the company was founded. Organizational Analysis â€Å"Whether a firm is developing a new business or reformulating direction for an ongoing business, it must determine the basic goals and philosophies that will shape its strategic posture† (Pearce Robinson, 2009, p. 25). To accomplish this effectively, the leaders of Lafleur must have clarity on the organization’s mission, vision, values, and goals. These fundamental concepts serve as the foundation for why and how the organization will do business. Lafleur Trading Company has clearly identified the mission of the organization, which is providing high quality, organic products at competitive prices (Apollo Group, 2011). A company’s mission embodies the unique purpose it serves to meet and is developed with the values the leadership intends to infuse in the execution of its business. At Lafleur, they are committed to a high quality product, which meets the needs of their customers in an ethical manner. The importance for any business to identify its mission is to describe the expectations it plans to meet on a daily basis, expressing the organizational attitude to all its stakeholders. The values the leadership holds dear, like seeking out the most reputable producers of products and certifying those products meet the highest standards, provides insight into the commitment of Lafleur’s leadership to their values and mission. A vision, unlike the mission, is forward-thinking and identifies what the company’s leaders aspire for it to become. Lafleur Trading Company seeks to become the premier supplier of fine foods and wines in the world. This vision cannot be accomplished without clearly expressed goals. Its already impressive list of trading partners indicates the vision and goals for Lafleur was determined early in the organization’s conception. By continuing to make strategic decisions with the mission, vision, values, nd goals in mind, Lafleur is sure to attain a desirable future. Organizational Structure Lafleur Trading Company implemented a divisional organizational structure that allows the Chief Executive Officer to delegate responsibilities to separate department leaders. The decision to use a divisional organizational structure provides Lafleur Trading Company the ability to create departments that consists of experienced individuals in specific duties related to the department. This method creates additional accountability for employees because the department manager delegates a task to an individual or team who is responsible for the competition of that task (Apollo Group, Inc, 2011). Creating individual departments also creates an environment where Lafleur Trading Company can focus on providing customers with quality products at the lowest price because employees in his or her departments focus on his or her assigned task without interruption form other unrelated tasks. This structure allows Lafleur Trading Company to make decisions with better information and in less time because of the concentrated focus in each department. The divisional organizational structure at Lafleur Trading Company consists of four main positions the Chief Executive Officer (CEO), the Chief Information Officer (CIO), the Chief Financial Officer (CFO), and the Chief Operations Officer COO) (Apollo Group, Inc, 2011). The CEO oversees the total operation of the company using information from the CIO, CFO, and COO to determine what actions are appropriate. The CIO is responsible for the information technology aspect of the company, and the CFO oversees the accounting and legal aspect of the company. The COO maintains the general operations of the business that consists of sales, purchasing, warehouse operations, and human resources. Each department manages the responsibilities assigned to them and reports to the CEO who can use the information to make decision with more information about each department involved (John A. Pearce, 2009). Collaboration Process The collaboration process is a process in itself. It involves the process of parties coming together to work through the project. Each party should bring the project together; provide the scope of the project and the expectations. The parties need to understand and be clear on the success and the results of the project and then discuss the specifics. The framework offers the general components of collaboration. The elements include grounding, core foundation, outcomes, process and contextual factors. Grounding is the foundation of collaboration in which the parties get together and share the idea. Core foundation is the mutual idea of the collaborative efforts. Outcomes are the efforts achieved by collaboration and process and contextual factors are what effect the each day actions of the collaboration. Once the process is complete and it has been implemented, the parties are on their way to getting results that they would have not got otherwise. It is important to understand that the process is not for all situations and teamwork is the only way to achieve it. It is important to select the right people, for the right reason, and with the support of management. References Apollo Group, Inc. (2011). Lafleur Trading Company. Retrieved 12 8, 2011, from https://ecampus. phoenix. edu/secure/aapd/cist/vop/Business/Lafleur/intranet. htm Pearce, J. A. II, Robinson, R. B. (2009). Strategic management: Formulation, implementation, and control (11th ed. ). New York: McGraw-Hill. How to cite Lafluer Trading Company, Papers

Business Management Essay Example For Students

Business Management Essay Business Management Essay Paper The world of business has undergone radical and dramatic changes in the last decade changes that present extraordinary challenges for the contemporary manager. A manager is an organizational member who is responsible for planning, organizing, leading, and controlling the activities of the organization so that the goals can be achieved. According to a widely referenced study by Henry Mintzberg, managers serve three primary roles: interpersonal, informational, and decision-making. Management is process of administrating and coordinating resources effectively and efficiently in an effort to achieve the goals of the organization. The concept of management within an organization typically occurs in an organizational setting. Smart money is simply capital, and a business needs a lot of it to survive. Today one in ten businesses survive for more than a year. It is hard to start up a successful business today and even harder to maintain a successful business status. An entrepreneur will raise capital through numerous ways. He can look for investors that wish to gain a small silent partnership in the business, loans can be taken from a bank and one of the most common types of capital comes from the stock market. A business owner will take his company public on the stock exchange in order to raise money. While money is being raised, the owner has to determine a ballpark figure on how much he will need to run this business. Today it is said you should have sufficient capital to be able to support your business for two years without returning a profit. After the initial start up is complete then skill and determination is needed to keep the business going. Cost is the area within a business where profit is made. Cost is the amount of money, which is spent to produce the tangible and or intangible goods or services of your business. These costs affect the price of the product and or service that you are selling. One type of cost is called fixed cost. This type of cost is the expense of a business that does not change and are always constant in a business. When money is made, debts are the first initiative to be paid off. Fixed costs include rent, wages to employees, and equipment needed to produce you good and or service. In for example a Flower shop, the fixed costs would be the rent on the building, the payment of the delivery vans, and employee salaries. The other type of costs is called variable cost. This type of cost is one that is ever changing. Again in a Flower shop the variable costs would be a dozen roses. One week a dozen roses may cost the flower shop five dollars to buy them and then they sell them for forty-five dollars. Then the next week the price of the roses my rise by five dollars now costing the flower shop ten so in order for the florist to make the same amount of money as last week he needs to increase his price to the consumer with the increase on price he is paying. The basic main idea of cost is to keep it as low as possible to gain the highest profits. Determining the profit of a business is another major part of management. Profit is the total income that you receive after paying all of your debts. All debts include for example rent, wages, and interest. A general formula to calculate profit is P = R C. This says when total revenue is subtracted from costs or debts you will get you profit earnings. Management is needed to make sure that allocating the necessary resources to in the end cover all of the debts and return a profit makes enough revenue. Salaries are based upon an employees age, skill, knowledge of the business and experience in the .

Racial Discrimination, Deviance, and Redemption in “Crash” Essay Example

Racial Discrimination, Deviance, and Redemption in â€Å"Crash† Paper Paul Haggis’ (2004) movie â€Å"Crash† is a powerful portrayal on the way in which racial discrimination as a complex social problem affects the lives of people. Set in Los Angeles, the movie shows how different people often â€Å"crash† into each other’s lives and unconsciously create ripples in these interactions. The effectivity of Higgis’ depiction lies on the utter simplicity by which the movie is able to show the nuances of interlocking problems from multiple perspectives. Interestingly, the movie also poses the problem of coping in a multi-cultural society where racism is almost a norm in itself and shows how gender and socio-economic gaps contribute to and reinforce racial stereotypes and biases. The film’s exploration on the barriers erected by racial, gender, and income disparities is perhaps best portrayed by Matt Dillon who plays the character John Ryan, a police officer who has been working for seventeen years with the Los Angeles Police Department. Ryan is a single, white, male who lives with and takes care of his aging father off-duty and who spends most of the time in the movie demanding a better doctor from his father’s healthcare company. Ryan is both a dutiful son to his father and the police force, however, his character harbors the frustration resulting from the conflicts of his status as a male Caucasian in the lower rungs of the economic ladder which prevents him from providing better quality of healthcare to his ailing father. It is from thses conflicting roles that his bitterness and disdain towards privileged people of color arises. We will write a custom essay sample on Racial Discrimination, Deviance, and Redemption in â€Å"Crash† specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Racial Discrimination, Deviance, and Redemption in â€Å"Crash† specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Racial Discrimination, Deviance, and Redemption in â€Å"Crash† specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Most of the poignant scenes which emphasize his bitterness and his attempt to compensate for his disadvantaged position show Ryan attempting to get back at his perceived tormentors either by physically or verbally harassing them using his position as a police officer and his status as a Caucasian. In the early part of the film, for instance, he is the stereotypical white, racist cop who stops an SUV driven for no apparent reason than the fact that it is driven by a black American and proceeds to create false charges against him. Clearly a case of selective perception where people are almost always quick to prejudge other people based on the color of their skin or other stereotypes, Ryan treats the man, a film director, like a common criminal. Unfortunately, the man’s wife, played by Thandie Newton, sees the cop’s real agenda for stopping them and protests arrogantly that â€Å"You thought you saw a white woman performing fellatio on a black man? †¦ †¦? that’s why you stopped us. † (Haggis, 2004) This visibly enrages Ryan who, not wanting to show weakness and lose his power in front of his much younger police partner, retaliates by subjecting the woman to a body search and sexually offending her. The act is both an offense and an insult against the woman and her husband, who are forced to endure the harassment and even apologize to the police officer for a supposed crime. In another scene, Ryan pays Shaniqua a personal visit to discuss his father’s deteriorating health and painful condition which expectedly ends in conflict when he subjects her to racial slurs in an attempt to compel her to do more for his father. He tells her of his father’s effort to provide employment in his business and of the loss he suffered when the Government started adopting a preference for companies owned by racial minorities. She is not moved by Ryan’s tirade of his father’s contribution to the African-American community, however, because of Ryan’s racist remarks and instead tells him that she would have signed the necessary papers if Ryan had been nicer.

How did Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon consolidate their thrones and pacify their kingdoms in the late fifteenth century Essays

How did Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon consolidate their thrones and pacify their kingdoms in the late fifteenth century Essays How did Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon consolidate their thrones and pacify their kingdoms in the late fifteenth century Essay How did Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon consolidate their thrones and pacify their kingdoms in the late fifteenth century Essay The achievements of the Catholic Monarchs, Isabella, Queen of Castile (1474-1504) and Ferdinand, King of Aragon (1479-1516) have long been admired by historians. (www.thehistorychannel.co.uk /classroom/alevel/catholic.htm). When they married in October 1469, it resulted in the instigation of the consolidation of their thrones. The route to unification was not easy for them, they had several difficulties to overcome and it was not actually until five years after Isabella was crowned the queen of Castile that the entire kingdom finally came under her control and the couple became the joint sovereigns of Aragon and Castile. Imperial Spain was born from this Union of the Crowns.To assess how the consolidation of the thrones came about I plan to look in detail to the routes that had to be taken to unite the crowns. Also, once consolidated the way Isabella and Ferdinand managed to pacify the kingdoms.Before 1479 imperial Spain did not exist. The Iberian peninsular c onsisted of Portugal, Castile and Aragon (with three separate crowns).In 1406 Juan II became successor to the throne of Castile. However as a minor, this brought a period of much instability in the kingdom. His son Henry IV succeeded him in 1454. Chroniclers claim that he was incompetent, impotent and unfit to rule (www.thehistorychannel.co.uk/classroom /alevel/catholic.html) and the great nobles liberally exploited his power. With this strength of the nobles, they felt they could question his choice of successor.A group of nobles led by Alfonso Carillo, archbishop of Toledo, supported the rights of Isabella, the half-sister of Henry IV, as successor. Henry agreed to the nobles but only on the condition that she marry the widowed, much her elder, Alfonso V, king of Portugal. However Isabella had plans of her own, in search of allies, to strengthen her position and with the influence of the great nobles pressurising her into the decision, she chose Ferdinand, heir of Aragon, a plan h is father Juan II had been trying to initiate for some time. The matrimonial alliance was sought more eagerly by the Aragonese than by the Castilian branch, as Juan II was faced by revolution not only by Catalonia but also by the expansionist ambitions of Louis XI of France.The couple married in secret on 19 October 1469. As cousins, it became necessary to forge a papal bull which allowed them to marry within the forbidden degrees. Many people were strongly opposed to the marriage including Louis XI who had been hoping to secure Castile by a union between his brother and Isabella. There were also other nobles led by the powerful Mendoza family, who supported as heiress, Henrys infant daughter Juana (born 1463) known as La Beltraneja since it was rumoured that her real sire was Beltran de la Cueva, Duke of Albuquerque.When Henry IV heard of the event he disowned Isabella and recognised Juana as his heir. Nevertheless the kings death in 1474 eased the crisis that Isabella would have t o take to become Queen. Isabella was crowned Queen of castile in Segovia on 13th December 1474, the first step of the five year upward struggle for the throne. In May 1475, encouraged by her adherents, Juana, now married to Alfonso V of Portugal duly claimed the throne. Portuguese troops crossed the frontier into Castile, and risings broke out against Isabella and Ferdinand all through the country. What followed was a genuine civil war with Juana not only backed by Old Castile and most of Andalusia but also had the assistance of the Portuguese troops. Isabella was eventually victorious however with the assistance of Ferdinand who negotiated and used his militaristic skills giving Isabella advantage and maintaining the theory that Juana was not the true daughter of Henry IV. It was a slow process but eventually in 1479 Castile came under Isabellas control. The same year Juan II of Aragon died and Ferdinand and Isabella eventually became the joint sovereign of Castile and Aragon.The U nion of Crowns was regarded as a union of equals although each kingdom preserved its own social, political, and economic realities.. Aragon was an empire in decline while Castiles empire was just beginning to rise under its energetic young queen. Isabella was a devoted Christian and this religious conviction motivated her campaign to expel the Moors and Jews from Spain and spread Christianity to the rest of the world. Ferdinand, on the other hand, focused on Aragons Italian possessions and a series of royal marriages with the other royal houses of Europe.Even so Ferdinand and Isabella worked together to reform Spain. Until Queen Isabellas victory, politically Castile had been in turmoil. During the opening years of the fifteenth century the Castilian kings had become pawns in the hands of the Castilian aristocracy who exercised a great deal of political power as they had gained control over the majority of the land taken from the Moors. They represented only 3 per cent of the popula tion but owned almost 50 per cent of the land in Castile, leaving the remaining land divided between the Crown and the Church. Once Isabella and Ferdinand had firmly pacified the country, they planned to change this. They began restricting the power of the aristocracy by centralising their government and expanding their judicial system. Hence the monarchy was reformed and it was no longer in turmoil and firmly under the Crowns control.This stabilized the monarchys authority enough so that they could then focus on the completion of the reconquest. United, Ferdinand led the forces of Aragon and Castile to triumph thanks to his military and diplomatic skill. He and Isabella walked together in victory through the gates of Granada, the last Muslim place of defense, in Spain 1492. To Isabella this was a very important demonstration of her very strict Catholic faith and inspired the beginning of the Spanish Inquisition. The results included the expulsion of Muslims from the peninsula and t he expulsion of Jews from her kingdoms in order to create a homogeneous population of Christians. That same year, 1492, Isabella sponsored an expedition by Christopher Columbus that located America and signaled the beginning of a new era for Imperial Spain when he discovered America.Although the Monarchy had been unified in the sense of crowns it failed to emerge the kingdoms in the sense of people and in the sense of a national identity. Other than the fact that the two kingdoms would share the same monarchs, but in other respects they carried on leading the same lives. The only difference now would be that they were now partners, not rivals. Throughout their reign, the word Spain, referred to as it had done in medieval times, to the association of all the peoples in the peninsula, and had no specific political meaning and because of its imprecision they never used Spain in their official title calling themselves instead King and Queen of Castile, Leà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½n, Aragon, Sicily an d so on. Beyond the personal union, no attempt was made to change the complete autonomy of Castile and Aragon, and the achievement of a united Spain was never an objective of theirs. Minor improvements such as easing transport of goods between the realms, and decreeing equality between the three principal gold coins of Spain, helped economic exchange. But all the custom barriers that separated the kingdoms remained fully on force, and their institutions were kept separate.Going back to the medieval ages the crowns of Castile and Aragon had evolved in dissimilar ways, had different ideals and distinct institutions. The major differences were Castile was much larger, occupying almost four times that of Aragon and holding almost 80 per cent of the population, castile was essentially a united state with a single government; it had one Cortes, one tax structure, one language and one coinage, all this added to its size and population gave it greater political initiative than Aragon where each realm was governed independently by its own Cortes.With these major distinctions in mind it would and no attempt to change any of them, it is hard to say that Isabella and Ferdinand are the founders of an emergent Spain. It is true that they consolidated the thrones and pacified their kingdoms. But the only real unification was made by the crowns, not by the people. Also it is true that if it wasnt for them, it is likely that there would be no Spain today. If Juana had become sovereign, the world as we know it today may have been very different as it was Isabella who funded Columbus trip to America and without her Spanish America may not exist. They may not have set out to unify Spain but given time that is precisely what has happened. Along with the peace and order they brought, the emergence of Spain they can also take responsibility for.

Age of the Joker (2012) by Edguy

As seen with their newest album, Space Police, these are crazy people when it comes to power metal. Toby and the gang have made somwthing a bit more special with this release here. This is really where they pull out all the stops to be funny. For these guys, forget the term power metal, instead use the term Comedy Metal because thats what this band really is. Age of the Joker is an album that has many a good tracks in it to keep you on your toes. My personal favorite is the track 2 Out of 7 which is more like a love song gone wrong. The final stretch of the song also has the greatest line ever in power metal history. You know a songs good if it could catch you off guard in a good way like that. Believe me it did, I wasnt hardly listening to it until that line came up and slapped me in the face. This has also made an appearence on The Metal Voices top 10 albums of 2012 making Number 4 I believe. I love this album with a passion and would love to own it on a vinyl and/or CD. I recommend you check this out if you love power metal, you can say you like Iron Maiden and would may still enjoy it. A sfor the rating I give it a 10/10.

Analysis of a Healthcare Lawsuit Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Analysis of a Healthcare Lawsuit - Case Study Example Eric H. Holder Jr., the defendant as the United States Attorney General is directly responsible for the implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of the Health Care and Reconciliation amendment passed by the US President Barrack Obama on the 23rd of March 2010 (Mead v. Holder‎, 2011). According to section 1501, it requires every American to buy a health care policy from any private company or institution if he/she can afford to do so. This clause will force thousands of American citizens to forcefully buy an insurance policy from many banks and companies and if they fail to do so and do not pass the individual mandate, they will have to face a penalty and would have to pay the government with a penalty known as the Shared Responsibility payment. This penalty may also be applicable over the individual’s spouse or dependent family members. The payment for the Health Care insurance Policy and the Shared responsibility are excluding taxes. The Shared Responsibility payment, if continued would also continue to increase every year. This law will also be forcefully applied on the 62-year old American Citizen, Miss Margaret Peggy Lee Mead, who is a self-employed Single American citizen living in the State of North Carolina. She also works part time and is not eligible for Medicare. However, Miss Mead is also not under any exemption of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and is also not exempted from the Shared Responsibility payment she would have to pay over the years to the government consequently. The Plaintiff would have to pay a Shared Responsibility Payment of around $3,895 to the government by 2020 in different installments per year if she does not opt for a Health Care and Insurance policy from any private entity as per the individual mandate enforced by the act. Miss Mead is under direct enforcement of the act and is under no exemption. This enforcement would

Principles of Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

Principles of Economics - Essay Example For example, this figure is equivalent to 9% of the German and 8% of the United States’ per capita GDP. Furthermore, in terms of nature of resources, China has somewhat a small holds of resources based on per capita criteria, which is not even comparable to a developed country of a modest character. These facts reveal the extent of the economic gap between China and the developed countries, which sets it trailing behind (Wolf, 2005). To sustain the country on an economic growth path, the Chinese Government has the responsibility of making significant policy adjustments. These policies should be aimed at transitioning the country from middle-income to high-income status. This includes finding measures to address the social and environment imbalances, improving the access to healthcare and education, setting targets to reduce pollution, expanding social protection, and increasing the country’s energy efficiency (Wolf, 2005). The government should also make efforts to disc over a new road to industrialization, and modify the approach of economic development by developing a circular economy, changing the industrial structure, improving the traditional industries and supporting the strategic and emerging industries. The government of China should also promote use of information technology to support industrialization, which in turn can spur the country’s competitive advantage especially in respect to its expansive manufacturing industry. It would also be extremely important for the government of China to continue focusing on its regional development strategies, including turning around the tendency of widening regional economic gap such as supporting the development of the western regions. The idea of supporting development on certain priority zones can be achieved by setting the national spatial development in an orderly and coordinated manner, which should also include coordinating between urban and rural areas development (Sun, 2003). Question 2 When we say that we are engaged in a ‘global economy’, we mean that we are engaged in economic activities that are beyond a particular country’s borders. This includes a situation where international corporations stop relying on production within the mother country and extend their activities to many countries around the world. The global economy is concerned with globalization of production in areas such as finance, markets, labor force and communications (Ernst & Ozawa, 2002). When we talk of free trade, we are referring to a situation where the government of a certain nation eliminates all the artificial barriers to trade, which are usually established to protect the domestic producers from competition from the international market, particularly originating from the trading nations. Free trade is known to increase production because nations are given an opportunity to concentrate in production of those products that they have a competitive advantage. This e nables countries to enjoy efficiencies that come from increased output and economies of scale. Free trade also promotes the efficiency of resource allocation hence spurring production efficiency. This is because individual countries are able to exercise efficient use of resources, which potentially results to higher output (Ernst & Ozawa, 2002). On the other hand, despite the many benefits, there a number of disadvantages associated with free trade. This includes creation of structural unemployment as a result of removal of trade

Assignment 1 Trends in the Workplace Essay Example for Free

Assignment 1 Trends in the Workplace Essay Predict three (3) human resource functions that are likely to be affected by the implementation of an MRP system. Propose two (2) ways in which you as a human resource manager can help the organization carry out this change successfully. As material resource planning (MRP) involves the initiation of the automation of planning needs for resources, ordering materials, and scheduling tasks to be completed on the shop floor; it is to be expected that certain functions of human resources will be directly affected with the implementation of the MRP system. The first of these would be job analysis which is the process of getting detailed information about the job and job design which involves defining the way work will be performed and the tasks involved in completing those requirements. Obviously the shift from manual process to automation will change the standards for certain task requirements and necessitate the assessment of standards of performance. This leads directly to the affectation of a second human resource function of training and development. Training and development will become a priority as the MRP system will require dedicated orientation to introduce the systems to the employees. This will need to be a well planned undertaking for information, disclosure and inquiry response. Skill development will also need to be provided to prepare the users of the new systems for the task the implementing of automated systems can cause unrest in a business setting so it is important that employee relations and communications be kept transparent making this the third human resource function to be affected as the MRP system is implemented. Two ways in which human resource managers should be prepared to implement this change successfully is to first be fully vested in the resource that is human capital. Human resource managers should be prepared to identify those individuals who have the skill set to complete the transition for the prescribed tasks by clearly stating the task, its objectives and setting realistic goals and attainment periods. Secondly, human resource managers are to make sure the employees progress matches the goals that have been set forth. This is performance management and is critical in a transitional period. Determine three (3) human resource skills that would be important for success in leveraging the new MRP system. An undertaking of the magnitude of the MRP transition will require the use of many human resource management skills. The most important of these skills is the ability to effectively communicate. This includes written communication skills, oral communication skills and both verbal and non verbal skills and active listening can be included here as well. Critical thinking will be needed to make decisions for situations that may arise during the transition as well. Lastly, a strong sense of judgment and decision making abilities will be required. There will no doubt be times human resource managers may be called upon to make instant decisions or implement changes in an effort to complete the transition as complex issues arise. These times will require an aggressive approach to meet the quality and standards of the business. Based on the planned growth of the organization, predict three (3) factors that might impact the organization’s ability to hire new employees that possess the technical skills needed to perform a job. One factor that may have an impact the organizations ability to hire new employees that possess the desired technical skills for the performance of a job is initially recognizing the need to hire or promote a current vacancy. A second factor is determining the relevance of the current job description and whether it is in full alignment with the now automated position. This might require a simple review of the current job analysis paying close attention to the level of skill required for completing the task. Finally, a clear identification of the duties and responsibilities should be presented in order to solicit an eligible workforce. . References Essentials of human resource management. S. Tyson. Elsevier. 2008. 464. Human resource management: contemporary approach. Textbook. J. Beardwell, T. Claydon. Pearson. 2010. 710 p. Whitehill. A. M. Japanese management: tradition and transition. Publisher, Routledge, 1991.

Pros and Cons of Becoming a Cyborg: Trading Flesh for Metal :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Pros and Cons of Becoming a Cyborg: Trading Flesh for Metal Since the beginning of time, man has attempted to avoid the inevitable. In his endless pursuit of perfection, man has tried to dodge the grim reaper. Death is certain; life is not. Yet through technological interventions, man is attempting to be godlike and live eternally. Through these same interventions, man is becoming transformed into a cyborg. Currently, the technology has not arrived so that a man will be able to have more metal in his body than he would have flesh. But if one could be a cyborg , if one could live longer, jump higher, store more info, and become more efficient would they? Would one become a cyborg if it meant no more pain, no more suffering, but in exchange would require thousands of dollars worth of hardware and hundreds of hours’ worth of surgery. Today I will explore some of the pros and cons of becoming a cyborg. I will also explore how people today like Stelarc have already taken steps and modified their own bodies to become cyborgs. I wi ll also define some of the ethical and morals issues supporting and criticizing the transformation from flesh to metal, with the end result becoming a cyborg. First of all, one must define what a cyborg is, and also clearly define what a cyborg consist of. A cyborg is a combination of man and technology. Robocop, The Terminator, Spock are all clear examples of what a cyborg is. A cyborg is a combination of human life and artificial intelligence. What about the elderly, would they be considered cyborgs? Yes, with pacemakers surgically installed within their bodies, the elderly, according to the definition, are considered to be cyborgs. So then, what the hell is a cyborg? One may believe the best place to locate a definition is the Webster’s New World Dictionary; it defines cyborgs as â€Å"a hypothetical human being modified for life in a hostile or alien environment by the substitution of artificial organs and other body parts. Using the basic definition will not be enough, it is too broad. One cannot really determine what a cyborg is and what a cyborg is not. For instance, suppose if people followed this definition that would mean that anyone wearing a watch, contacts, glasses, or using headphones would be considered a cyborg.

Abuse of monopoly power Essay

Imagine what it would be like if there was only one bakery in your home town, and no possibility of opening up a new one because of the fact that there are no shops for rent. People who are looking to get their hands on freshly baked bread would have no choice but to go to the one bakery. We say that the baker is a monopolist; that is, he is the only baker in the market and is thus able to set the price at whichever levels he wants. Chances are that the price of bread is going to be considerably higher than if the baker had to compete with others for consumers. The result, as this lesson deals with, is market failure as a result of the abuse of monopoly power. MONOPOLY POWER AND MARKET FAILURE A monopoly exists when there is only one producer of a certain product. Other firms are prevented from competing with the monopolist because of the very high barriers to entry. Because of this, the monopolist is a price setter – it can itself decide what price to charge so long as it covers the cost of production. It is often argued that Microsoft has a monopoly on the operating system market, making consumers pay a very high price for Windows as they buy a new computer. Another example comes from supermarkets, which may acquire a monopoly in a neighbourhood if planning permission to build other shops is denied. It can then sell the same products as it would sell before, but for a much higher price. Hence, in such markets, the price and quantity demanded of the product do not reflect a true equilibrium – abuse of monopoly power is a kind of market failure resulting from the ability to charge a higher price than it otherwise would. Moreover, the quantity on the market is restricted below what is socially optimum by the monopolist. This results in a welfare loss, as consumer surplus is not maximised, which is represented by the grey triangle in the diagram below. Examiner Tip However, in cases where we have a negative externality (e. g. pollution) it would actually be good to have a monopolist that restricts the quantity – the welfare loss would rather be a welfare gain in this case. Government intervention is common in the case of monopolies, if they abuse of their power and damage consumers’ welfare. Possible responses include: ?Legislation – competition policies to ensure that markets are not dominated by one firm only, as the EU proceedings against Microsoft show. ?Regulation – for example, planning regulations could be relaxed to allow more shops to open in the same area where the supermarket operates. ?Nationalisation – this is the case of national monopolies where the state takes over a business and regulates prices in the social interest. E. g. Following the financial crisis of 2008 banks, insurance companies and car manufacturers were nationalised in the USA and UK. ?Trade liberalisation – allowing foreign firms to compete in the national market contributes to breaking up monopolies that were formed due to the lack of internal competitors. What you should know ? Monopolies act as single producers in a market and can set prices and quantity. ?Their power may be abused, damaging consumers’ welfare. ?Government intervention can limit abuse of power through legislation, regulation, nationalisation and trade liberalisation.

Categorizing Funding Requirements Essay

Each requirement should be funded in different ways. In other words, the nature of the funding requirement dictates the preferred type of funding. For example, core funding needs as a general rule will be satisfied by equity funding and, if available, long-term debt. Short-term cyclical funding and contingency requirements usually are satisfied by shorter-term bank lines. Analyzing the total funding needs of the business into these three categories calls for judgment as to which requirements are core and which are cyclical and of short-term or medium-term duration. There is no one correct answer, and much depends on the nature of the company’s business. For example, a property investment company might categorize funding to pay for completed property developments as core funding for a long-term asset, while a property development company would categorize the costs of a development as cyclical short- to medium-term funding for an asset it confidently will expect to sell on completion of the development. †¢The long-term funding requirements of a business are the funds needed to finance its core business assets such as land, buildings and equipment. Every business has core assets, although it is not always readily apparent what they are. For example, the core assets of airline companies at one time were their fleets of aircraft. Now, however, many airlines avoid owning aircraft, preferring to lease them, and their main core assets have become information technology systems and landing slots at airports. Some hotel groups have ceased owning the hotels they manage, and their core assets are the management contracts for hotels that are owned by third parties. †¢Most companies are subject to cyclical or seasonal fluctuations in their cash flow, often reflecting a seasonal trading pattern. Even companies with no apparent cyclical influences on cash flow, receiving a relatively constant stream of income, might in reality have a short-term cash flow cycle. They might, for example, accumulate cash receipts at a steady rate throughout each month but make bulk payments (for materials and wages and salaries) only one or two days each month, or just once every quarter (for rent payments). Business cycles, and their associated cash flows, can span several years, for example in the development of agricultural and forestry businesses. †¢Contingency funds are to meet unexpected requirements. A company should have access to contingency funding for a number of reasons. There could be an unexpected downturn in one of its markets or the opportunity to make an acquisition. The level of contingency funding depends on such factors as: †¢the volatility of the markets in which the company operates †¢the vulnerability of the earnings stream to market recession †¢the dependence on one or just a few major customers for achieving sales targets †¢Management’s desire for growth by making acquisitions.

Neosporin and Alcohol are killers

Neosporin and Alcohol are killers Efficiency of Neosporin and Alcohol in Killing Bacteria Efficiency of Neosporin and Alcohol in Killing Bacteria Neosporin is one of the most common topical antibiotics on the market. It is applied on smaller wounds to prevent contamination from bacteria. Consequently, the other hand alcohol is also effective in killing bacteria. However, the effects of alcohol when used for treatment are different. Neosporin is a powerful antibiotic and the side effects are remarkably crucial. This is observable when alcohol and Neosporin are placed into two separate samples of water. The alcohol will kill the bacteria more effectively, because most medicines contain alcohol in order to kill the bacteria Neosporin is rare to acne sufferers. It kills bacteria through spreading over the wound. In addition, it speeds the healing of the wound and prevents the appearance of small scars. Neosporin is a combination of Polymixin-B that kills many bacterial beyond Benzoyl peroxide. However, Neosporin is likely to cause drying because it uses an oil base under the surface of the skin. Consequently, the oil produced by the skin glands is likely to become an obstacle to a clear skin. For instance, foot odor is an effect of bacterial infection on the feet. Neosporin is an antibiotic, which eliminates such bacteria efficiently (Lawrence, 2003, 204). Despite the various benefits from Neosporin, precautions of Pfizer should be taken into account. These include not using the antibiotic over a large area on the body. Application for more than one week is not encouraged unless authorized by the doctor. Neosporin can kill more impartial the P. Acnes bacteria that form in pustules. It also kills many of the existing agents that normally support the skin resist harmful bacteria. In addition, the skin can establish an antibiotic resistance which could give an individual more disposed to stern infection. Because of these effects, the enduring, consistent use of a stout antibiotic like Neosporin is mostly to be avoided. Alcohol kills bacteria by making the lipids that form the outer defensive cell membrane of every bacterium cell much soluble in water. Hence the cell membrane begins to lose its operational reliability and falls separately. As the cell membrane crumbles, alcohol can then penetrate the cell and denature proteins in each bacterium. Alcohol is a molecular means used to prevent the growth of bacterial. It also creates a condition that protects to repopulate or populate. However, it does not kill the bacteria. Isopropryl Alcohol destroys the cell wall of the membrane in bacteria. This is significant in re-population. However, alcohol acts as a drying lubricant to the skin. This is a disadvantage as it does not evaporate thus bacteria has to be forced off with a cloth. This is to trap any bacterial being swayed away by the alcohol (Jacknin, 2001, pg. 345). In conclusion, alcohol is much efficient antiseptic in killing bacteria because it achieves its goal subtly by coagulation. This is different from other methods like active poisoning. Research has indicated that alcohol antibiotic is 80% effective in bacterial denaturing. Moreover, the lipids freely dissolve in Alcohol causing disrupter of their membranes. live CHAT

A good (or bad) parent Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A good (or bad) parent - Essay Example A child’s first school is his home and it is the teaching of the parents which forms the first stage of learning for children. The role of parents in shaping the character and the future of a child cannot be ignored. But a good parent would truly be one who would be able to nurture their child by instilling all the good qualities that are needed to make a good person. A good parent is defined as one who shows understanding for the needs of their children, supports them to boost their confidence and at the same time teaches the importance of ethics and values to the child. For effective parenting, it is essential that a parent is aware of the needs of their children. A good parent is considerate and understands the needs of their child and helps them accordingly. A perfect example is that of the children who are slow and do not outshine in their academics due to different reasons which may include lack of concentration or poor learning skills. It is the duty of the parent to be thoughtful towards the need of their child rather than scolding the child for not being able to achieve the best grades in class. A parent should be able to assess where their child stands and they should have an effective communication with their children to improve understanding of the physical as well as psychological demands of the young growing mind. This would provide for a healthy upbringing for the children as they would not be under stress and exertion.

Structural Stability Statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Structural Stability Statement - Essay Example The weight of the tower is not distributed uniformly along the height of the Tower; there is more material at the base than near the top. The Tower consists of lattice-work columns at each of the four corners, in which diagonals connect four elements, thus making stiff, but lightweight columns. Each primary element is actually composed of many sub elements. The overall structure has a vertical axis between the two columns, but, individually, each column has its own axis that follows the curve of the elements. These axes are idealized as parabolas. Four types of loads act on the Tower: Dead load, Live load, Wind load and Thermal load. Dead load and the Wind load generate more forces as compared to the rest. Owing to its lattice structure, the tower is relatively lightweight and creates a force of only 4.5 kg/cm2 on the foundation. The wind force is one of the chief forces which create horizontal loads over the tower. It can be understood as a type of uniformly distributed load over the entire height of the tower. The overall bending moment from the horizontal wind load will produce tension in one column and compression in the other. Exaggerated action under wind load is shown: The wind pressure on the Tower is stronger near the top than at the bottom, but the wind force is fairly uniform because the Tower is tapered. The wind force will create a higher vertical reaction in the leeward support and a lower vertical reaction in the windward support because the wind alone would create compression in the leeward support and tension in the windward support. In combination with the forces generated by dead load, the forces can be seen as stated in the diagram. Reactions The overall reactions at the base of the Tower are easily found from the wind and gravity loads. Overall vertical and horizontal reactions will develop to balance the respective loads. A moment reaction will also develop to balance the horizontal load applied through its centroid a distance l/2 from the support. The Internal Forces The simplest internal forces are the axial ones, which result from the vertical loads and reactions. They reach a maximum at the base of the Tower. These horizontal forces tend to push the Tower apart but are resisted by the connection all along the Tower and the ground. The columns of the Tower, under the effect of the vertical load, would slide apart if there were no connections between them. These connections, which have been idealized as continuous, experience tension force equal to the horizontal forces they are resisting. The axial force will decrease with height as the vertical load and angle of inclination decrease. The second platform is subjected to the entire load of top and middle part of the tower. The forces at the higher points are lower as compared to the base and hence the higher members have a lesser amount of cross sectional area. The

Setting Up Business and Financial Reporting Essay

Setting Up Business and Financial Reporting - Essay Example Income tax differs as per different forms of business structure like the sole proprietorship, partnership, and company. "Pass-through" tax entities like sole proprietorships, partnerships and limited liability companies are charged taxes as per the net profits they generated (Business.gov.au, 2015b). Australian industrial or business environment system requires sound understanding and selecting feasible business structures to gain success. Owners have to explore the guideline promoted by Australian Taxation Office. It will help in learning income tax rules for different type of business in Australia. Unincorporated business owners are responsible to pay income taxes on the basis of net profits earned by the business during any fiscal period. Reserves and provisions are not considered as a part of profits while calculating income tax. It creates issues for the partnership or sole proprietorship businesses (Business.gov.au, 2015c). On the other hand, partnership business is quite compl ex as partners many a time avoid reporting their shares on corporate profits, which reduces personal tax returns. Partners report salaries, bonuses and dividends incomes as their taxable income. Therefore, it can be said that owners of partnership firms enjoy the tax advantage. In this scenario, all the four partners Mary, Martha, John, and James are responsible to pay tax individually and on-behalf of their new day spa business. Australian Taxation Office can face the potential avoidance of reporting share from the business.

Women in Hinduism, contemporary women in Hinduism Essay

Women in Hinduism, contemporary women in Hinduism - Essay Example However, Hinduism is an old religion and like everything that has survived through the ages, Hinduism suffers from rots of unacceptable orthodox practices. One of them, amongst superstition and elaborate ceremonies, is blatant inconsideration of women in the Hindu society. Hinduism seems to have little respect for women compared to men1. Women suffer from many orthodox malpractices. Hinduism opposes the role of women and does not recognize their role in society. So deep is this inconsideration that people misinterpret the scriptures those govern Hinduism and Hindus. Even so, the interpretation of the Holy Scriptures â€Å"Vedas† according to many prominent â€Å"pundits† negates women’s importance and role in society2. Hindu religion is plagued with practices that undermine the respect that a woman reserves the rights to receive not just from her near and dear ones, but the society as well. Many of these practices still exist in the Indian Hindu society today. In as much Hindu women were despised in the traditional society, they are slowly participating in economic, political and social process in the modern society. In ancient times, Hindus were conservative people who observed many malpractices that degraded the image and role of women in the society. One of these malpractices included the purdah or the veil system. Married women were not allowed to show their faces to the outside world, only their husbands or children. The purdah system works even today. Another malpractice that was followed by conservative Hindus in ancient times was â€Å"sati.† The practice of sati placed women below men and denied them access to any privileges including education3. In addition to the lowered prestige of women, the Sati system demanded that the widow of man should be burnt in the holy pyre that burnt her husband’s corpse. Child marriage was rampant in ancient India and incidences of child marriage still occur at many places in India. Wid ows were treated as lesser than animals. Through the pages of history, it is evident the status and respect for women was disregarded in all societies, especially all the ancient ones. Women faced a lot of discrimination at the hands of men in the name of tradition or religion. Women rulers would find opposition from male members of the ruling class on the basis of gender pride, even if the ruler proved herself as a capable one. There are numerous examples like the burning of Joan of Arc at the stakes that speak volumes of sheer disregard for female ingenuity and talent. Nonetheless, Hindu women suffered a lot due to their own Holy Scriptures, religion and traditions. Hindu women were dehumanized more in comparison to traditional Muslim, African and Christian women. Muslim female rulers and influential women find larger number in history than Hindus. An example of female rule from the African culture is the story of Cleopatra who rose to absolute power in Egypt while the Romans foug ht their wars for power. Hinduism as a religion does not recognize the fundamental rights for women. The interpretation of the â€Å"Vedas† the ancient scriptures of Hindus paints a hostile attitude towards women in all spheres. The Scripture claims that women are inhuman and have no civil rights4. These interpretations placed women in subordination to men and mandated that women should serve them. The â€Å"pati-parmeshwar† dictum, also a part of the Sati practice, followed widely in the Hindu culture is a direct example of glorification of the husband as a â€Å"God†. This practice dictated the subordination of the wife to the husband and the husband’s full rights over his wife, from physical to psychological aspects. Dowry

Unsustainable Tourism Essay

Unsustainable Tourism Essay Tourism Industry is one of the fastest growing industries in the world. Tourism has long been a central component of the economic, social and cultural shift that has left its imprint on the world system of cities in the past two decades (Dumond; 2005 cited in Beben; 2006;1). According to the statistics of World Trade Organization, there was 693 million tourist arrivals across the globe in 2002 (Beben; 2006). Moreover, WTO and the World Tourism and Travel Council announced a possible increase in the number of tourists to close to 1 billion by the end of 2010 (Massound; 2010). Mass tourism is seen as a large number of people participating in tourism as well as inflexible and packaged standardized holidays (Poon; 1993). Starting from the 50s a new tourist demand leaded to a new stage in this evolutionary process. Tourism industry just like other Fordist industries has been supplying mass products, mostly considered under the label of mass tourism (Conti; Perelli; 2004). According to Conti and Perelli (2004;3), Thomas Cook created the tourism packages in the 19th century as the pioneering forms of mass tourism and the opportunity for the definitive shift from the aristocratic forms of vacation to the mass mobility of workers spending their paid holidays travelling. The concept of Cookism was used in a place of Fordism to express the era of mass tourism. Others seen mass tourism as consuming places by the large number of visitors (Urry; 1995). More recently mass tourism consumption experience has been linked to the ideas of a McDonaldization, Disneyfication o r McDisneyfication of societies (Ritzer and Liska; 1997 cited in Conti and Perelli; 2004;3). The impact of those consumption patterns has been considered as the typical Fordist leading to a reduction of the cultural diversity by mean of the demand of a tourist experience that will be more and more reproducing the everyday life patterns of consumption (Contti and Perelli; 2004). Mass tourism is strongly linked to seasonality. The impact of schools closure for the holiday periods as well as companiesÂÂ ´ work programmes and the destination specific weather conditions, all that aspects are gathering great number of tourists at the same time (Shaw and Williams; 1995). Before tourism was a luxury, available mostly for higher class but after the introduction of packaged holidays and development of mobility and technology, travelling became more accessible for everyone. Tourism has aroused on the market as a forceful industry making changes which have both positive and negative economic, socio-cultural and environmental impacts. The development of tourism industry is very important for economy of the country especially for less developed countries as it increase foreign exchange earnings and generates employment. According to UNWTO, tourism stands for 8% of employment and 9% of global GDP and by the year 2019 will provide 296 million jobs (UNWTO cited in MercoPress, 2010). Tourism can have a powerful and beneficial direction for both economic and sociio-cultural change but at the same time it can be destroying. Do actual benefits from tourism go to the host community? Is governmentÂÂ ´s priority in development are to provide the needs of the tourists instead of local community? The government blinded by the opportunity of the country to generate the money from the development tourism is forgetting about the negative aspects that the industry ca n bring. Most of the attention has been made to economic aspects of the tourism growth and environmental and socio-cultural issues have been swept out to the second plan. Although to make tourism sustainable it is very important to look at those aspects. As mentioned before tourism enables the development of the destination although, the lack of own capital and a weak economy of some underdeveloped destinations makes foreign investors to build a new hotels that makes tourism being beneficial mostly for the developed countries. The same is with employment. It seems like tourism would give jobs to the local community but in the meantime the investors from developed countries employed the workers with a better education and abilities so the developing country stays with almost nothing. When the development is lower than the position of a country is worse. Leakage is an amount of money that escapes from the local economy (France; 1997). According to Kripperdorf(1982;136), tourism planning is usually in the hands of outside promoters the local population are regarded merely as landowners or as a reserve of labour, not as people entitled to participate in decision making. For example, tour operators owning resorts and sending the customers to the destination which mean that local community wont benefit much from those tourists. They export food for the tourist and employ British stuff. How tourism can be sustainable if itÂÂ ´s breaking the basic rules of it. The tourism control and planning strategy is crucial in developing sustainable tourism but how can it be done if even government is closing their eyes on the unfair practices in the Tourism sector of that region. The uncontrolled tourism in Goa has a strong impact on host community who has to face the food and water shortage (Almeida; 1996). Moreover, Goan has to face with electricity problems, there is a severe water shortage. The water pipeline that was originally meant for the villagers is now being utilised by the hotels. The transport too is insufficient to transport both locals and tourists (Misquita, 1996a cited in Noronha;1999;101). Very fast process of urbanisation has changed Goa into the concrete jungle. Police is closing their eyes on the drug fulfilled parties. Barely 10 % of Goans have benefited from tourism development, moreover, the foreign investors are buying large amounts of lands in the region (Almeida; 1996).All those examples illustrate how unsustainable tourism it is. Moreover, as suggested by Wall and Wright (1977); physical impacts to the tourist destination include alterations to the natural environment, including air, water, soils, vegetation and wildlife as well as changes to the build environment (Mathiesen and Wall; 1999; 38). Mass tourism affects strongly beaches, cliff-side, environment and degraded landscape. In some mass destinations ground water is in an alarmingly low level which is largely consumed by agricultural sector, by the irritation of a great number of gardens constructed due to the development of new summer houses and second homes and golf courses (Molz; 2004;5). Also the beaches have been extended in order to meet tourist demand. The unlimited constructions and unsustainable exploitation of natural resources will lead to the serious environmental problems. Recreational activities organized for tourists have also strong impact. Tourists by touching reefs when diving and snorkeling are damaging them. Also by the great number of boat trips tourist are disturbing marine animals. According to Kripperdorf (1982;135), the mass phenomena of modern tourism have initiated the paradoxial process Tourism destroys tourism. The landscape loses its tourist value through its use, or rather over-use, by th e tourist. Mass tourism is not only a problem of coastal regions but also the winter season is strongly connected to mass tourism. In Alps the number of tourists doubles every 7 years (Dziedzic; 1998). In Tyrol the ski slope is going through the endangered forests. Every year more than 500 hectares of agricultural land is used to make new skiing resorts and slopes (Dziedzic; 1998). Environmental degradation destroys the meaning of existence of tourism itself. The number of tourists is growing every year. According to the World Travel report (cited in Hickman; 2006) by 2020 the natural features of some of the wonders of the world will be damaged by global warming, while other resorts will become seriously overcrowded. The carrying capacity has been described as greatest number of people who can use the place without any damage to the natural resources and without degradation of the environment (Wall and Mathiasen; 1999). The attrition of historical buildings and the saturation of the coasts are one of the problems were carrying capacity has been overtaken. Changes in tourist destinations are inevitable but the concept of carrying capacity has the chance to indicate the amount and the way of change and to assess to which point those changes are acceptable (Mathiesen and Wall; 1999). The socio-cultural impacts are the other aspect of a great importance when looking at the changes in tourism as it strongly changes the way of life of the local communities. Mass tourism is causing displacement of indigenous population by tourists. For example in Hawaii there are about 1 million of indigenous inhabitants, which is a quarter of the whole population (Dziedzic; 1998). In human relationships, the disappearing traditional hospitality is a very important aspect. Especially in the big tourist resorts, these relations were long ago converted into a commodity for sale. Kuhn (2007; cited in Hanna; 2010 HHhhKKKK) argues that sustainable tourism attempts to preserve traditional cultures in a way that the western tourist deems as authentic. If sustainable tourism will lead into that direction it will not be very successful. Tourist resorts also offer its guests a more refined, but a fake version of its folklore and traditions, adapted to the stereotypical images of the visited country. According to Mathieson and Wall (1992; 4) the commercialization of culture, through the marketing and sale of artefacts, may revive traditional art forms or modify them so that they are scarcely recognizable. Which in a long term might create a phony folk culture but at the same moment it can lessen existing unemployment problems and create more jobs. The Tourism authorities are pleased of the fact that tourism is developing in the country but some of the local communities have different opinions on that. According to Ignacio Cembrero in View from Fez (2006), the countrys Islamist party frequently rails against hotel casinos, restaurants that serve alcohol and the growing gay club scene (Ranger; 2006). The tourist must accept the cultural differences of other countries. The most of Moroccans are very religious and tourist has to respect it. Even more tolerate Moroccans can become tired of tourists when seeing nudity on the beaches or tourists wearing t-shirts or short trousers in the churches. It insults their believes and rules. A lack of consideration by tourists for local norms, culture, people or the environment of tourist receiving destinations is leading to unsustainable tourism practices (Poon; 1993 in Wahab and Pigram; 2004;51). This point was also commented by Obrador et al (2009;3) who suggest that local cultures are see n as eroded by a homogenous inauthentic, consumer culture. Moreover, overcrowding and growth of the bad reputation of the destination by breaking ethical rules can be destructive for the destination. There are many places in the world which have been spoiled by mass tourism and after the development of low cost airlines many cities has lost their shine. As most of the products also destinations have a lifecycle. It was clearly presented by Butler (1980) in his model of lifecycle of a tourist destination. He evaluated six stages a destination goes through when tourism development takes place: exploration, involvement, development, consolidation, stagnation, concluding with either rejuvenation or decline. At this stage the destination is visited by small number of tourists who are keen to explore cultural and natural beauty of the place but the number of visitors is limited due to accessibility difficulties and lack of facilities. Here the attraction of the place yet remains unmodified by tourism. In the next stage of involvement advertising and local initiatives are seen as the element of promotion of the destination which results in increase of the tourist number with the pressure on the public sector to develop infrastructure. Next step in the cycle is development in which further initiatives for development of facilities are made by national and multinational companies. In this stage the control of the public sector is necessary as the popularity of the destination and increasing number of visitors may not only be the reason of success but also cause failure and the destination may suffer a change in quality through problems of over-use and deterioration of facilities (Butler; 198 0;92). The consolidation is the next level of tourism life cycle when tourism becomes a great part of the local community. Next step of stagnation occurs when after reaching peak numbers of visitors the destination is no longer popular and only conservative visitors are still coming back. In this stage the environmental, economical as well as socio-cultural problems can be seen as the reason. The last stage is decline where effort is need to maintain the tourist arrivals by introducing new types of facilities like for example casinos. Prague is only one of the examples of the life cycle destination. The city has become one of the most visited cities in Europe after Czech Republic became a member of EU and after the growth of mobility (Global Travel Industry News; 2010). This beautiful, full of historical monuments city was rejuvenated in the last two decades. The commercialization of the city took place and the old town became surrounded by souvenir vendors, Irish pubs and beer gardens losing its authenticity. Also the prices have gone up and all locals who couldnÂÂ ´t afford been forced to move out of town. Its one of the examples when the way of making quick cash has prevailed over the unspoiled charm of the historic Prague. Mass tourism has led to the development of sustainable tourism in order to reduce negative impacts of tourism growth. Later in time the concept of Post Fordism was seen as the customers seem to acquire more power in determining market tendencies. According to Contti and Perelli (2004;9), this change also tend to meet the new demand for environmental friendly tourism products, being new tourists generally perceived as more educated, interested in local communities culture and in a real interaction with the surrounding environment. Since 1980 the sustainable tourism has began to be an important issue in the tourism industry (Swarbrooke; 1999). By creating a new infrastructure, hotels and businesses the employment is increasing. By travelling people have a chance to experience new cultures and traditions, although not every tourist is keen to do that and some visitors are not interested in it and ignore host communities. Sustainable tourism development is directed especially to create a better understanding of tourism, of how to achieve balance between economic, cultural and environmental aspects of tourism development. It is necessary to encourage people to take responsibility for the environment. Moreover, fair distribution of tourism benefits is necessary and the bigger involvement of local community in the tourism development decisions of their region has to be improved. The sustainable tourism directs to reduce negative impact on environment by introduction of quieter, more fuel efficient aircraft to start from to maximizing economic benefits for the host community rather than the visitors countries. Mass tourism is strongly connected to the high seasonal tourism caused by the great demand of 3s tourism tourists all over the world (Bramwell; 2004). That is why diversification of tourism like development of rural tourism has been developed to minimize saturation of the beaches in the high seasons and to avoid mass tourism. The development of sustainable touris m in very important for the countries where tourism industry is a main element of the local economy because the traditional beach holidays will decline caused by the saturation if the mass tourism will be increasing with that speed (Swarbrooke; 1999). According to Perry (2001), the climate change caused by humans will result in future modification of the climate conditions for example in the Mediterranean area, whereas the northern and western Europe climate will be improved. In 1992 on the conference in Rio de Janeiro in Brazil the first strategy document on sustainable tourism has been announced Agenda 21 as the basic economic model of tourism in XXI century (Hanna; 2010). Although, the Agenda 21 has meet various criticism mostly due to its non-binding treaties allowing most of the recommendations surrounding climate change and various other cultural issues to be ignored by the international community (Hanna; 2010). Nowadays, alternative forms of tourism have been emphasized but taking in account that even small group tours can be damaging the sustainable tourism is hard to accomplish. Latest debate of Tourism Concern came to a conclusion that all-inclusive holidays, arguably the epitome of mass-packaged tourism consumption should be banned (Farrington; 1999 cited in Sharpley and Telfer; 2002; 304). For example Gambias tourism authorities have banned all-inclusive holidays in 1999 (Sharpley and Telfer; 2002). It is an effective contribution to the development of destination. This could be a possible solution of applying sustainable tourism into a real life but it is doubtful if it would work for every country. Another alternative solution suggested by France (1997;89) is the development of holiday complexes which provide artificial ÂÂ ´sun-warm water` environments (e.g. Center Parc villages), located at points of maximum market access which could be an exit for achieving sustainable tourism just if the great number of people would choose it instead of normal holidays. In conclusion, the growth of tourism seems to be inevitably unsustainable. Tourism is giving employment and economic benefits but for example in the Third World countries the division of money is unequal. The powerful developed countries are always going to be stronger than less developed countries if management will not be carefully planned. So even if tourism is bringing money, it is not always bringing it to the right place. Nowadays people blinded by money forgetting about more important things like passing their tradition to the next generation by conserving it. Mass tourism is termed as a neo-colonialism which can be compared to army forces where instead of their invasion we have an invasion of the tourist influx (Dziedzic; 1998). There is no solution to stop people from travelling. The great understanding of negative impacts would lead to better sustainable tourism development but this need a high number of people involved in it which is hard to accomplish as nowadays people donÂÂ ´t think much about the future risk related to the planet because not to go away is like not possessing a car or a nice house. It is a marker of status in modern societies (Urry; 1990;4). There is a lack of sustainable understanding and adequate tourism control to develop sustainable tourism. Sustainable tourism will not eliminate negative impacts of tourism but it could be a way to minimize its impact. Because if the growth in mass tourism will continue as fast as it does now the global warming will be arising and some destinations will suffer unbearably hi gh temperatures with an increase in the risk of fire. All those changes will lead tourists to changes in their holiday destinations, which not necessarily means stop of mass tourism. Tourist will continue with transport use even if they will reduce their travels, it will be still environmental damaging. All the facts are coming into conclusion that the best way for sustainable tourism would be staying at home.

The Brady Bunch :: essays research papers

THE BRADY BUNCH The word sitcom is short for Situation Comedy. A good sitcom story idea places the star (or supporting character) into a situation in need of a resolution, which will cause the character to respond in unexpected, exaggerated, and hugely sidesplitting ways (Rannow, pg. 13). A comedy now days are different from how they were in the 1960's and 1970's though. Today directors use sexual content and foul language to make people laugh and do not usually have a purpose or point to get across to the audience with each show. In earlier comedy, such as The Brady Bunch, Director Jack Arnold tried have a lesson learned in each episode while still maintaining a sense of humor, minus the foul language and sexual content. Although the show is not extremely funny to most people it is still a classic show that deserves to be remembered. The Brady Bunch tends to say that our society is corrupt in a way. It displays many problems that people deal with on a daily basis and expresses how they feel they should be fixed. The show tries to get across to the audience that even though there are some people out there that are not right in the head, you yourself still have to be. Mike Brady, the father always gives out these lessons. For example when Marcia's new boyfriend steals Greg's phony playbook for the football game, Mike tells Greg that in actuality, Greg would win the game by cheating himself, unless he confessed to Marcia's boyfriend and told him the truth. After doing so, Greg and his team prevailed as champions of that game. Although The Brady Bunch sends out loving vibes every episode, as the hippie's did at that time, it did in fact portray surprising violence in one memorable episode. A boy by the name of Billy continuously calls Cindy 'Baby Talk'; due to her lisp. One time Peter stands up for her and ends up getting punched in the eye. Mike Brady then teaches Peter how to fight in order to defend himself if the time comes. Sure enough the time came and Peter knocks the boy's teeth loose and he ends up having a lisp himself. After Cindy calls him 'Baby Talk'; though Peter sticks up for Billy and tells her not to tease him because she remembers how bad it felt to be teased herself.

A Summary of Cyert & March’s Behavioural Theory of the Firm Essay

SUMMARY Cyert and March are concerned with the business firm and the way the business firm makes economic decisions. The authors make detailed observations of the processes and procedures by which firms make decisions, using these observations as a basis for a theory of decision making in business organizations. They argue that one way to understand modern organizational decision making is to supplement the microeconomic study of strategic factor markets with an examination of the internal operation of the business firm-to study the effects of organizational structure and conventional practices on the development of goals, the formation of expectations, and the implementation of choices. At the very outsetset, the authors make four major research commitments: To focus on the small number of key economic decisions made by the firm To develop process-oriented models of the firm To link models of the firm as closely as possible to empirical observations To develop a theory with generality beyond the specific firms studied Cyert and March develop an empirically relevant, process-oriented general theory of economic decision making by a business firm. They present the rudiments of a behavioral theory of the firm that have proven to be relevant both to economic theory and to the theory of complex organizations. The authors then go on to lay out the antecedents to the behavioral theory of the firm. They discuss the theory of the firm, organization theory and certain questions in a revised theory of firm decision making regarding: Organizational Objectives Decision strategies Decision making within strategies To build the behavioral theory of the firm, Cyert and March develop four major subtheories concerning the following: Organizational goals A theory of organizational goals considers how goals arise in an organization, how goals change over time, and how the organization attends to these goals. The organization is described as a coalition of stakeholders, with some of these stakeholders organized into subcoalitions. In a business organization the coalition members also include managers, workers, stockholders, suppliers, customers, lawyers, tax collectors, regulatory agencies, and so on. Clearly then, organizational goals must deal successfully with the potential for internal goal conflicts inherent in a coalition of diverse individuals and groups. Since the existence of unresolved conflicts among organizational stakeholders is a key feature of organizations, it is difficult to construct a useful descriptively accurate theory of the organizational decision-making process if we insist on internal goal consistency. Such a decision-making process need not necessarily produce consistent organizational goals. An important mechanism for dealing with stakeholder conflicts is the sequential attention to conflicting goals. A consequence of this mechanism is that organizations ignore many conditions that outside observers see as direct contradictions. Decentralization of decision making (and goal attention), the sequential attention to goals, and the adjustment in organizational slack that acts as a cushion in down times permit the business firm to make decisions with inconsistent goals under many (and perhaps most) conditions. Organizational expectations A theory of organizational expectations considers how and when an organization searches for information or new alternatives and how information is processed through the organization. Expectations are by no means independent of hopes, wishes, and the internal bargaining needs of subunits in the organization. Information about the consequences of specific courses of action in a business organization is frequently hard to obtain and of uncertain reliability. As a result, both conscious and unconscious biases in expectations are introduced. Thus, local priorities and perceptions obtain. In addition, there is some evidence of more conscious manipulation of expectations. Communication in a complex organization includes considerable biasing and influence activities-and considerable bias correction as well. In addition, organizations often protect themselves from the worst effects of influence activities by focusing on verified data in lieu of uncertain estimates and   using easily checked feedback information. Organizational choice A theory of organizational choice needs to characterize the process by which the alternatives available to the organization are ordered and selected. Organizational decisions depend on information estimates and expectations that ordinarily differ appreciably from reality. These organizational perceptions are influenced by some characteristics of the organization and its procedures. Second, organizations consider only a limited number of decision alternatives. Finally, organizations vary with respect to the amount of resources that such organizations devote to their organizational goals on the one hand and suborganizational and individual goals on the other hand. The firm is considered to be an adaptively rational system in which the firm learns from experience. General choice procedures are summarized in terms of three basic principles: Avoid uncertainty: The firm looks for procedures that minimize the need for  predicting uncertain future events. One method uses short-run feedback as a trigger to achieve action; another accepts (and enforces) standardized decision rules. Maintain the rules: Once the firm has determined a feasible set of decision procedures, the organization abandons them only under duress. Simplify the rules: The firm relies on individual judgment to provide flexibility around simple rules. Organizational control A theory of organizational control specifies the difference between executive choice in an organization and the decisions actually implemented. Organizational control within an organization depends on the elaboration of standard operating procedures. It is hard to see how a theory of the firm can ignore the effect of such organizational procedures on decision-making behavior within the organization. The effects fall into at least four major categories: effects on individual goals within the organization, effects on individual perceptions of the environment effects on the range of alternatives considered effects on the managerial decision rules used. Cyert and March’s basic theory of organizational control assumes the following: Multiple, changing, acceptable-level goals An approximate sequential consideration of alternatives Uncertainty avoidance Cyert and March propose two major organizing devices: a set of variable concepts and a set of relational concepts. The variable concepts discussed previously are organizational goals, organizational expectations, organizational choice, and organizational control. There are also four major relational concepts: Quasi-Resolution of Conflict In keeping with numerous theories of organizations, Cyert and March assume that the coalition in an organization is a coalition of members having different personal goals. Members require some procedure for resolving conflicts, such as acceptable-level decision rules, sequential attention to goals, or both. Uncertainty Avoidance The authors submit that organizations typically try to avoid uncertainty. First, organizations avoid the requirement that they correctly anticipate events in the distant future by using decision rules emphasizing short-run reactions to short-run feedback, rather than anticipation of long-run uncertain events. Second, organizations avoid the requirement that they anticipate future reactions of other parts of their environment by arranging a negotiated environment. Organizations impose plans, standard operating procedures, industry tradition, and uncertainty-absorbing contracts on that environment. Problemistic Search Cyert and March’s behavioral models assume that search, like decision making, is problem directed. Problemistic search means search that is stimulated by a problem (usually a rather specific one) and is directed toward finding a solution to that problem. Such organizational search is assumed to be motivated, simple-minded, and biased. This bias may reflect training or  experience of various parts of the organization. This bias may reflect the interaction of hopes and expectations, and communication biases are expected to reflect unresolved conflicts within the organization. Organizational learning To assume that organizations go through exactly the same processes as individuals go through seems unnecessarily naive, but organizations exhibit (as do other social institutions) adaptive behavior over time. Cyert and March focus on adaptation with respect to three different phases of the decision process: adaptation of goals, adaptation in attention rules, and adaptation in search rules. They submit that organizations change their goals, shift their attention, and revise their procedures for search as a function of their experience. REVIEW In this book the authors adopt a problem driven way of analysis. For example, when there are conflicts, the authors let the firm to set these conflicts as constraints and solve out a possible solution. In the modern context, this could make organizations weak. Organizations must be dynamic in anticipating problems and mitigating them or adapt to them and benefit accordingly. Cyert and March have shown how to construct behavioral models of firm-level decision making and indicate the basic theoretical framework within which such models are embedded. Cyert and March’s behavioral theory of the firm can be applied to price and output decisions, internal resource allocations, innovations, competitive dynamics, and predictions of other organizations’ behavior. However, an underlying assumption of rationality has been made. Behavioral theory must also study the possibility of non-rational decisions or unpredictable outcomes of rational decisions. Reference: Cyert, R. M., & March, J. G. (1992). A Behavioral Theory of the Firm. _Cambridge, Mass_.

Mgt 401 Week 2 Essay

Business Model Comparison Most small businesses require some outside funding. Not many entrepreneurs have enough personal capital to open and maintain funding for a business. To attract investors and attain partnerships, a business owner should consider a business model necessary. This paper will compare two restaurant businesses, identify the business model and forms of ownership for each business by completing a Comparison of Business matrix, describe benefits by building a sustainable competitive advantage, and giving advantages and disadvantages of each business ownership. Great introduction. You state the purpose and what you plan to address! McDonald’s restaurants are among the most recognizable in the world. Their quintessential arches can be identified in almost every country. This fast-food mogul is one of the biggest and most profitable corporations in the industry (what industry? Make sure you provide information on the restaurant industry). Serving as a polar opposite is Datillo’s restaurant in Hemet, California. This small restaurant is known as the only fine dining experience in town and has only one location. The companies both represent the polar opposites of forms of business ownership. Comparison of Businesses Matrix |Comparison Items |McDonald’s |Datillo’s | | |Fast food, low quality, low prices. |Sit-down restaurant, high quality, and | | | |mid-level prices | |Value Proposition |â€Å"We place the customer experience at the core|â€Å"Welcome home, here you can enjoy a casual | | |of all we do† |lunch or dinner in a warm, festive | | | (â€Å"Values In Action†, 2013). |atmosphere.† | | | | (â€Å"Datillo’s Ristorante: About Us†, 2013). | |Target Market |All Markets, all classes |All Markets, all classes | |Value Chain |Attractive to people looking for inexpensive |Attractive to people looking for a fine dining| | |and fast food. Fast growth rate. |experience. Can compete with rivals on quality| | | |and service. | |Revenue |In 2012 gross income was $27.6 Billion. |In 2012 gross income was | | | |$459,000. | |Position |More opportunity for expansion and |Unique cuisine (niche) offers competitive | | |competitive advatange |advantage, less opportu nity for expansion | |Competitive Strategy |Serving food at the lowest possible price |Only fine dining in town. Authentic Italian | | |while reserving as much quality. Also reliant|food, very high quality products. | | |on nostalgia to bring customers back. | | |Form of Ownership |Corporation: When a business is owned by |Sole Proprietorship: a business that is owned | | |multiple people and run by lower-lying |and managed by one person. | | |managers and employees. | | Good information! Benefits To Building A Competitive Advantage When evaluating the benefits of each business, it is important to consider the size of each business. As an example, both sole proprietorships and partnerships are relatively small in size and may perhaps provide more personalized service to each of their clients. In many businesses, customers appreciate personalized service and may in turn hire small businesses for that service. On the other hand, a larger business, like McDonald’s, typically is composed of more resources and may offer the prospective customer a lower price. Another competitive advantage of a smaller business, like Datillo’s, is the ability to provide customers with a higher level of quality. Because customers of small businesses deal more closely with a ‘tight nit’ group of employees, the quality and service provided to the customer is much greater than a larger corporation composed of numerous locations. Both small and large businesses each have distinct advantages that enable them each to thrive. Although some customers may appreciate the more personalized service of small businesses, others may prefer a lower price and a larger name brand. Make sure paragraphs are a minimum of 3 sentences! Advantages and Disadvantages of Business Ownership McDonald is known for the quality the restaurant serves, and the opportunities the McDonald restaurant offer. McDonald’s has been number one in the fast-food market in the United States, and the most memorable brands, products, and mascots. McDonald’s franchise owner can be safer than lesser-known franchises because the McDonald’s name and operational model comes packaged with its own legion of loyal customers and industry-best practices for restaurant success. A franchise store such as McDonald’s can help business owners to achieve financial independence by associating with an international powerhouse that can almost guarantee a certain degree of success. Another advantages of McDonald have is that McDonald’s cis that they can invest behind any market research it does and eliminates the need for a franchisee to do expensive research. Although McDonald it has its advantages, there are disadvantages associate with McDonald’s. The restaurants have been target in a battle against what has been term the obesity epidemic, casting McDonald’s outlets along with their owners in a highly negative light in the media, and their communities. McDonald’s and its peers respond to this negativity by attempting to add healthy options to their menu, but the stigma is likely to linger. One of the advantages Dattilo’s Restaurants is that the restaurant’s offers an extensive classic Italian menu, comprised of items made from locally sourced premium quality ing redients, cooked to order for each guest. The restaurant uses authentic and healthy Italian accent. Dattilo’s also offers Internet special discounts and family gathering for its customers (Dattilo’s Ristorante, 2013). The disadvantage is Dattilo’s restaurant location are limited, the restaurant has not expanded their services statewide. Confusing sentence, consider rewording! Conclusion A business model is one essential factor in the success of a business. The business models of McDonald’s and Dattilo’s are much different but both successful. McDonald’s is a major corporation with thousands of locations and Dattilo’s with just one, but both have been in business for many years. There are advantages and disadvantages of both types of businesses, but regardless building a sustainable competitive advantage is achievable. The two restaurants compared in this paper offer different levels of quality, service, and cuisine, thus requiring a different level of ownership that each business model relays. References Datillo’s Ristorante: (2013).About Us, 2013, rRetrieved from: http://dattiloristorante.com/?page_id=8 McDonald’s: Values in Action, 2013, retrieved from: http://www.mcdonalds.com/us/en/home.html |Content and Organization |Points |Comments: | |70 Percent |Earned: 6.5 | | |Profile of a Small Business (Week 2) | |All key elements of the | | | |assignment are | | | |covered†¦good job! | | |Y | | | | | | | | |You clearly identify the| | | |two businesses but make | | |Y |sure you clearly | | | |identify the industry. | | | | | | |N |Good job explaining the | | | |advantages and | | | |disadvantages. | | |N | | | | |Make sure you provide | | | |academic and business | | | |research to validate | | | |your thoughts and | | |Y |opinions. | | | | | | | | | | | |Your introduction | | | |clearly states your | | | |purpose and what you | | | |plan to address. | | |Y | | | | | | | | |Your conclusion needs to| | | |review the major points | | |Y |of the paper- good job | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Y | | | | | | | | | | | |Y | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Y | | |All key elements of the assignment are covered in a substantive way. | | | |700 to 1050 word count | | | |The content is comprehensive, accurate, and/or persuasive. | | | |The paper develops a central theme or idea, directed toward the appropriate | | | |audience. | | | |The paper links theory to relevant examples of current experience and industry | | | |practice and uses the vocabulary of the theory correctly. | | | |Major points are stated clearly; are supported by specific details, examples, | | | |or analysis; and are organized logically. | | | | | | | |Identify an industry with which you are familiar, and then choose two | | | |businesses in that industry. | | | | | | | |Identify the business model and forms of ownership for each business, then | | | |complete the Comparison of Businesses Matrix. | | | | | | | |Describe benefits associated with each business by evaluating how they built a | | | |sustainable competitive advantage. | | | | | | | |Explain advantages and disadvantages of each business’s ownership. | | | |The introduction provides sufficient background on the topic and previews major| | | |points. | | | |The conclusion is logical, flows from the body of the paper, and reviews the | | | |major points. | | | | | | | |Readability and Style |Points Earned: 1.5 |Comments: | |15 Percent | | | | | |Great job†¦your sentences| | | |are well-written and | | |Y |error free. | | | | | | |Y | | | | | | | |Y | | | | | | | |Y | | | | | | | | | | | |Y | | |Paragraph transitions are present and logical and maintain the flow throughout | | | |the paper. | | | |The tone is appropriate to the content and assignment. | | | |Sentences are complete, clear, and concise. | | | |Sentences are well-constructed, with consistently strong, varied sentences. | | | |Sentence transitions are present and maintain the flow of thought. | | | | | | | |Mechanics |Points |Comments: | |15 Percent |Earned: 1 | | | | | | | | |Research adds validity | | |N |to your thoughts and | | | |ideas. Continue to | | | |expand your use. You | | |N |provide no business | | | |research or materials | | |N |from class. | | |Y |Ensure paragraphs are | | | |complete thoughts and | | |Y |flow into each section. | | | | | | | | | | | |Please continue to | | | |review the CWE and APA | | | |guidelines. | |The paper, including the title page, reference page, tables, and appendices, | | | |follow APA guidelines for format. | | | |Citations of original works within the body of the paper follow APA guidelines.| | | |The paper is laid out with effective use of headings, font styles, and white | | | |space. | | | |Rules of grammar, usage, and punctuation are followed. | | | |Spelling is correct. | | | | | | | | | |Comments: | | | |Great work team! | | |Points earned: |9 |